CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

The work in the construction industry involves the client, the Architect, the Engineer, the quantity surveyor and the builders. A structural project is initiated by the Engineer (civil Engineer).

The process of designing begins with the enginer’s appreciation of the client’s requirements. After the specification given to the engineer by architect according to the requirement of the client, the engineer develops different structural schem from the architectural plan and calculated the ultimate bending moment and designed load, which will help him to know te axid C load and neutral axis where the structure is liable to settle and develops sagging or hpgging due to improper use of reinforcement bar. Having considered the use of material and erection methods and then comes up with the final work of full structural analysis and detailed design.

Structural detailing can be defined as the process by which the design of a structural system is drafted in a form that a builder can use for construction for easy establishment.

Also structural drawings are the principle means by which the designer communicates his requirements in a clean and unambiguois manner to the builder.

This project outlines the important components and basic techniques and methods required for structural detailing of a reinforced concrete duplex.

The structural drawing is simple to interprete, dimensions are clear. Bar bending schedules showing now the reinforcement bars are to be bend are also provided. This is essential to the quantity survey or cost estimates of the project and to the steel to supply and also to the iron bender to determine the bends dimension.

A summary of design specification’s information and structural consideration are provided standard scales and abbreviation are used to ensure the uniforimity. The structural elements, beams, column, slabs, foundations have been detailed and shown in plans, elevations and sections.

It is therefore believed that this project will fulfil its requirements and serve its purpose of guiding the reader through the process of basic structural detailing.