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CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

In the past few decades, technology has become a major ally in the education sector. The role of online teaching and learning material availability in quality of learning has become universally acknowledged and supported by decades of research. The importance of this is made even more apparent in developing countries like Nigeria (Read, 2016).

In spite of the availability of decades of research that shows the importance of ensuring learning materials are adequately provided to students at all levels of education, higher institutions are yet to take full advantage of the technology that is available in 2023.

Study materials such as past exam question papers, lecture notes etc. have always been a good resource for learning and specifically for exam preparations. Past question papers give students a general idea of what a certain course is all about, familiarizes them with the exam format and most importantly, it provides an idea of what their expected exam questions may look like (Docsity, 2013).

Getting resources to prepare for exam or general school work is a very important aspect of education and is particularly important for students in higher institutions where they are in a research environment of which a lot of study has been done earlier in their field of study (Nicholas et al., 2015).

In Isa Mustapha Agwai I Polytechnic, Lafia, it has been observed through the years how much of a hassle the search for study materials such as past question papers, lecture notes for either test or exam is for the students. Currently, in some higher institutions, some of the study materials such as past exam papers, lecture materials are stored at the university/polytechnic library which is where they can be accessed. Even though majority of the past questions are not even available there. The problem with the current system is unorganized.

The process of looking for study materials such as past question papers involves searching, one after the other, through all the past papers ever taken to the library since the inception of Isa Mustapha Agwai I Polytechnic, Lafia. That is hundreds of past papers to sift through without the promise of finding what is being looked for because some papers are never stored there or are taken out and never returned by some students.

If not found in the library, the students turn to their lecturers hoping they are kind enough to share the past exam papers or rather start looking for their predecessors asking for past exam/test question papers. This is a long process for something that can be automated using the available technology to provide these resources at the click of a button.

In the case of this project, the resources that would be provided on a platform would be past questions. Past questions go a long way to help students to prepare for examinations and these resources have been in the past, manually sourced. In this project, a software in form of a hub will be designed and implemented to ease the access and retrieval of the study materials. This project walks through the importance of having online learning materials for students, specifically the past question papers, the practice used at the Isa Mustapha Agwai I Polytechnic, Lafia and how it aim to improve the current system is analyzed. The implementation and testing process has been discussed in detail to aid in determining whether or not the goal of the project has been reached.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Using the technology that is widely available to improve the lives of the students for the better is a goal that all higher institutions are trying to reach. Isa Mustapha Agwai I Polytechnic Lafia should not be excluded from this.

Students are left with no option than to go to the library and search through hundreds of unorganized past question papers with the hopes of finding what they are looking for. If not found in the library, they turn to their lecturers or their predecessors hoping they are kind enough to share the question papers. Sometimes most of the predecessors, immediately after the exams threw their questions papers away, believing that it is no longer of use to them.

Because of this long process, a lot of students are discouraged from taking on the daunting task, that is looking for past question papers at Isa Mustapha Agwai I Polytechnic, Lafia. This hinders the learning and studying for students, and undoubtedly affects their educational performance. Most at times past questions gives students a guide and a direction towards preparing for their exams. In a situation where students cannot have access to past questions, it sometimes affects the quality nature of their studies, thereby affecting their academic performance.

Another problem identified with the current system of accessing past question papers is storage. Manual method of storing past question papers does not guarantee the safety of them. Such materials could be affected by natural disasters such as fire outbreak, theft etc.

Also, the current method of accessing study materials like past questions is retrieval of the hard copies of the past questions, where students get from either the library, their predecessors or their lecturers, but this project tries to digitalize the method of retrieval. The system would operate a model whereby past questions are uploaded to a database and retrieved by interested students without location been a barrier.

In light of the above stated problems, this research work tends to find a lasting solution, by designing and implementing a computerized system for past questions and answers repository where students can have access to study materials without location being a barrier. The proposed system also has other features such as conducting CBT of past questions for students of Isa Mustapha Agwai I Polytechnic, Lafia to enable them prepare for their exams and enhance a better academic performance.

1.3 Aim and Objectives of the Study

The major aim of this project is to design and implement a computerized system for past questions and answers repository for Isa Mustapha Agwai I Polytechnic, Lafia. The specific objectives of this project are to:

Develop a computerized system for storing past questions and answers for Isa Mustapha Agwai I Polytechnic, Lafia.
Develop a web application for accessing and retrieving past questions and answers of Isa Mustapha Agwai I Polytechnic, Lafia.
Develop a web application for administering computer based demo test using past questions in the Isa Mustapha Agwai I Polytechnic, Lafia.

1.4 Significance of the Study

The study bears significance in the sense that it can help at least better prepare students for examinations. It is an innovative idea that makes full use of the digital age to improve lives of students.

The design and implementation of a computerized system for past questions and answers repository will be of significant to staff and students of Isa Mustapha Agwai I Polytechnic Lafia as the successful implementation of this project will bring relief for the students and staff of the institution by enabling them to upload and access all the past examination resources at the comfort of their computers and on the same platform of which they are already proficient.

There will no longer be a need to be physically present at the university to be able to fully access and take advantage of its resources. When the system is successfully implemented, using it will be as easy as searching for any past paper by its name or course code after which they can be downloaded or studying online.

1.5 Scope of the Study

This project work focus mainly on the design and implementation of a computerized system for past questions and answers repository that can be applicable to any tertiary institution in Nigeria but with particular reference to Isa Mustapha Agwai I Polytechnic, Lafia.

1.6 Definition of Basic Term

Hub: A hub is the connection point which provides study spaces, internet access, video conferencing, administrative and academic support for students and staff.

Study Materials: The learning materials provided by the teacher, school, company, or organization for learning and research.

Past Questions: A past question is an examination paper from a previous year or previous years, usually used either for exam practice or for tests

Data Upload: to transfer (something, such as data or files) from a computer or other digital device to the memory of another device (such as a larger or remote computer) especially via the Internet.

Data Retrieval: Data Retrieval is a process of identifying and extracting data from the database that is based on a query which is provided by the user. It allows the fetching of data from a database in order to display or use within an application.

Software Design: is the process by which an agent creates a specification of a software artifact intended to accomplish goals, using a set of primitive components and subject to constraints.

Computer-Based Training (CBT): is any course of instruction whose primary means of delivery is a computer. A CBT course (sometimes called courseware) may be delivered via a software product installed on a single computer, through a corporate or educational intranet, or over the Internet as Web-based training.

E-learning: is the acquiring of knowledge via the use of a computer and the Internet, intranet, or extranet. The multimedia may include streaming video, audio recordings, videoconferencing using a webcam, and even virtual worlds, such as Second Life.

Web Application: is application software that runs on a web server, unlike computer-based software programs that are run locally on the operating system (OS) of the device. Web applications are accessed by the user through a web browser with an active network connection.

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