Full Project – Design and implementation of a web-based crime record information system

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study:

In view of Karl Marx theory, human being are intrinsically, necessarily and by definition social beings that (beyond being “gregarious creatures”) cannot survive and meet their needs other than through social co-operation and association. It is very vital maintain peace and unity in multi-ethnic and multi-religious country of Nigeria. In order to maintain peace and harmony, man has to fashion out constitution that will govern the conduct of the member of the society. When people appreciate this code of conduct and laws, protection of lives and properties are guaranteed.

National security has been a source of concern to all and sundry in Nigeria. There is the issue of religious crisis in some states of the Northern part of Nigeria, ritual killings and kidnappings in some states of the South-East and South-South, sectarian clashes in some states of the South-West, bombings in Abuja and some states of the federation. In order to reinforce Security and Justice in Nigeria, and to ensure the security of citizens, it is important to establish at all levels a concrete and user-friendly system which will enable an efficient exchange of information on previous convictions of criminals. Information about previous convictions shall circulate between judgesand prosecutors as well as police authorities. This is essential in order to provide adequate responses to crime and also to prevent new crimes from being committed.

It should not be forgotten that prior to the arrival of the British, criminal laws were existing in this part of the world now known as Nigeria, wherever there was political entity requiring the enforcement of standards of behavior and imposing punishment for their breach.

Peter (2010) describes the computerized crime record system as one that will enable the police to have accurate statistics to draw analysis from, on information of a case, the year a crime was committed, who investigated it, etc.”

The police may decide that an offence is not serious enough to warrant recording. It is important to observe that in Nigeria with, the high level of illiteracy amongst both the public and the police and the high level of corruption, it is not unlikely that it is only very few cases that will ever get recorded. In recent times, with the economic hardship the country is going through it is not uncommon for the police to complain about lack of stationeries in cases which they may wish to record James N. (2010).

In most of the North were highly systematic and sophisticated Islamic laws. The laws were so systematic that there were several schools of jurists, and even differences within them. Nigeria is one of the limited members of the countries in the world that has death penalty, however according to figures in 2007 the Nigerian police annual reports have no records of crimes according to regions, states or cities. However, it is generally known in Nigeria that property crimes are perpetrated more in the Southern states than in the Northern states. This may be due to greater business activity in the South (Nigeria Annual Police Report, 1986 – 1989).

Although the police record of crime is generally acclaimed as being closest to the criminal happenings, it is plagued by the following problems:

The victim may not be aware that an offence has been committed. This frequently happens when employees are dishonest over deliveries of goods, receiving money and thefts by employees within the store or business. Such losses are often written off during stock taking as shortages or breakages. There is an enormous amount of internal dishonesty which is never discovered or which is condoned.

The ‘victim’ may have been a willing partner to the crime and so it ‘is unlikely to be discovered unless a third reports it. This is the case for many sexual offences against children, and criminal abortion and homosexual offences.

Even where the victim knows an offence has been committed and has not consented to it or partaken in it, he or she may decide not to report the offence to the police for a variety of reasons. It may be regarded as too trivial to warrant such a report.

A criminal record is a record of a person’s criminal history, generally used by potential employers and lenders to access his or her trustworthiness.

1.2STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Manual crime records in Enugu State Crime Investigation Department, were maintained on paper, and were created and updated manually (typewriter or hand-written).

AIM AND OBJECTIVES

The aim of this project is to design and develop a computerized crime record information system that will perform this objective:

Provides required information or quick and accurate prosecution of crime suspects in a court of competent jurisdiction. Those who would require this information may include lawyers, police, judges etc.

Keep record of those convicted of crimes to help the criminal justice system have accurate information for decision making.

To use computerized crime record system to replace some of human roles in cases of prosecution of crimes.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This project on computerized crime record system is developed to carryout tedious work and activities performed by human beings, in which they end up misplacing and discarding some important files and case records.  But if this (computerized crime record) is installed it will render remedy to this case.

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Full Project – Design and implementation of a web-based crime record information system