Full Project – Merit-effects of eExamination among distance learning students
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CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
An E-exam also known as Computer-Based Assessment, Computer-Based Testing, computerized testing and computer-administered testing, is a method of administering tests in which the responses are electronically recorded, assessed, or both. As the name implies, Computer-Based Assessment make use of a computer or an equivalent electronic device (i.e. handheld computer).
Computer-Based Assessment enables educators and trainers to author, schedule, deliver, and report on surveys, quizzes, tests and exams. Computer-Based Testing may be a standalone system or a part of a virtual learning environment, possibly accessed via the World Wide Web.
There has been a growing interest in recent years in developing and using computer based tests in educational assessment. Delivering assessment by computer is becoming increasingly prevalent in the domain of educational assessment as change are made in assessment methodologies that reflect practical changes in pedagogical methods (OECD, 2010). Computer based testing or computer based assessment is seen as a catalyst for change, bringing about a transformation in learning, pedagogy and curricula in educational institutions (Scheuermann & Pereira, 2008).
One possible explanation is that computer based testing is by nature of low validity as an assessment tool for educational and psychological measurements in higher education. Another possibility is that some other factors have distorted the effects of testing mode on test performance in these repeated measures studies. As observed by (Yu & Ohlund, 2010), a possible confounding variable is testing effect, which is the effect of taking a pretest on the performance in a posttest. It could be that this systematically distorts the treatment effect of computer based testing on test performance (Yu & Ohlund, 2010).
1.1 Background of the Study
The University of Maiduguri is located in Maiduguri along Bama Road is among the second generation Universities in Nigeria established by the Federal Government in 1975. After nearly three decades of its existence as conventional University, the seventh (7th) Vice-Chancellor Prof. J. D Amin constituted a committee on Distance Learning just three months after assuming office. The ten-man committee was headed by Prof. Mohammad Nur Alkali (former Vice-Chancellor).
The committee submitted its report in December, 2003. The senate at its 190th meeting on Thursday, 5th February, 2004 considered and approved the report setting up the Centre for Distance Learning (CDL). The first Director/Coordinator, Dr. Saleh Joji was appointed by the Vice-Chancellor on 1st October, 2004.
This has made the University of Maiduguri an Institution providing academic programmes both conventionally and by way of distance learning, with the following objectives.
- To provide access to University education to a large number of potential adults who have missed the opportunity of higher education at the early stages of their lives.
- To reduce pressure on enrolment into our Universities which only a tiny fraction (small percentage) of potential candidates are able to secure admission.
- To widen opportunities to matured adults to combine together working and learning as many have families and may not be able to obtain support or secure in-service facilities.
With these objectives in mind, the Centre set up some few structures thus inviting willing Departments should to participate in the Distance Learning Programmes. These Departments were selected based on commitment from the Faculties of Arts, Education, Business and Social/Managements.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
University of Maiduguri has fully migrated toward the use of Computer Based Test (CBT) to test students’ knowledge. The advantages of using computer technology for educational assessment in the university have been recognized and these include lower administrative cost, time saving and less demand upon lecturers among others.
Johnson and Green (2004) reviewed the assessment mode, the behavior as well as perception of the students being assessed because the assumption of comparability between CBT and PPT without proper investigation within that particular testing context is inappropriate. Some test takers reported that, it is more difficult to navigate back to about grades, attitudes about convenience, control and validity. Some examinees have a general anxiety about the computer itself, while others are more concerned about their level of computer experience (John et al., 2002). Some other technical issues in CBT that affect students’ response to the designed questions are: Use of the mouse, font size, screen clarity, screen size, screen resolution, display rate and scrolling.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The following objectives guided the study:
- To determine the advantage and Disadvantage of e-examination among distance learning students in university of Maiduguri;
- To determine the distance learning students’ perception on the e-examination experience;
- To determine the perception of distance learning students’ overall satisfaction with e-examination;
- To determine the quality of e-examination among distance learning students in university of Maiduguri.
1.4 Research Questions
The following research questions were answered in this study:
- What is the perception of distance learning students about Computer user familiarity influence on e-examination?
- What are the perception of distance learning students toward their e-examination experience?
- What is the perception of distance learning students in terms of overall satisfaction with e-examination?
- What is the perception of distance learning students about the quality of e-examination?
1.5 Significance of the Study
The Purpose of this study is to find out the lapses among distance learning students’ during the e-examination which is fully practice in the university of Maiduguri and to discover and enhance the distance learning students’ need to have the overall satisfaction with the e-examination and also to encourage the practice of e-examination system in the university, because of the effective and measurement improvements it offer.
The study will also serve as reference point to those wishing to make a research further on the topic in University of Maiduguri
1.6 Scope and Limitation of the Study
This study consists of the merits/effects of e-examination among distance learning students in university of Maiduguri and also limits the factors influencing the poor performance of some distance learning students by bringing the solution to the problems faced by distance learning students during taking an examination.
1.7 Definition of Terms
E-Examination: An assessment carried out by the students using computer based system, have some question and multiple choices answer.
Student: A person that has an account on the e-exam.
Computer: An electronic device that accepts data as input stores and processes the data and gives an output which is the result of the processing.
System: Set of computer components that is, an assembling of hardware, software and peripheral functioning together.
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Full Project – Merit-effects of eExamination among distance learning students