full Project – Design and implementation of an online court of law case scheduling system
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- INTRODUCTION
Access to justice has become an important issue in many justice systems around the world. Increasingly, technology is seen as a potential facilitator of access to justice, particularly in terms of improving justice sector efficiency. (Giampiero, 2014) The major functionalities covered in court works are registration, indexing and follow up of cases. Case management is the key success factor in judicial system. Systematic, efficient and organized case management system provides comprehensive information for courts to guarantee unbiased decision and transparency information system to hinder the misuse of power or corruption, case postponement and delays in decision making. It also reflects the good image in judiciary. (Haider, 2011).
This project is about Online Court Case Scheduling System which is developed to make the functional areas in judicial service more efficient and effective in its judicial function, to control and allow complete registration of all court case which are related to the court by the registrar, who can register, update, delete, and search case and create report. The flow of information provides communication and notification between the courts and public.
This chapter shall cover the background of the study upon which the project was initiated, the problem statement and objectives of the study. It also contains the significance, scope of study and definition of terms.
The database system will ensure better control and regular effective documentation of case file as well as scheduling of cases. This work therefore gives an analysis of the design and implementation of an online court system in case scheduling taking a case study of Imo State High Court Owerri.
- BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The advancements of the 21st century have led to an emergence of many disciplines with great potential to solve existing problems. One such potential field is technology, which has over the years been increasingly adopted in many processes to avert the problems of ineffective and inefficient service delivery. (Chrisphine, 2012). One of the key areas of interest is automation of the judicial processes. Many challenges have been faced in the process of attaining justice including delays due to misplacement of the case files at the registry when reference is ought to be made. As legal practice has become more technologically advanced, pressure mounts on the courts is to join the flow of technological progress in other to provide a good service delivery. In addition, to emphasis on government transparency, to build public trust and confidence in judicial institutions. (Slowes, 2012).
As the case filing requirements grow exponentially, courts, lacking resources to manage the huge frequency of cases, find it difficult to deliver timely and efficient services. Courts have no option but manually schedule cases, which creates various loop holes in the system, such as corruption, mismanagement, and unequal distribution of workload. Cases also go unattended, resulting in a backlog for the courts to handle.
Most judicial processes require adaptation and modernization to cater to the needs of increasing populations. Automation of burdensome, time-consuming and paper-based case scheduling, added with the quick, authentic integration with the required institutes are now a requirement for the courts and judicial sector.
As caseloads continue to increase, it becomes imperative to have a Case Scheduling System that streamlines the processes, reduces time and creates efficient workflows.
It is against this background that this project work was initiated, with the aim of designing and implementing a web based system that will mitigate some of the identified problems of case scheduling in the judicial system of government using Imo State High Court Owerrias a case study. The system will achieve this aim through combination and efficient use of statistical data of various cases and time of case report.
- STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The current system used in the scheduling of cases in Imo State High Court Owerripossess the following challenges;
- Inaccurate recording: this is a high tendency of encountering error when records are kept manually. Courts have no option but to manually schedule cases, which creates various loop holes in the system, such as corruption, mismanagement, unequal distribution of workload. Cases also go unattended, resulting in a back log for the courts to handle.
- Time wasting:as the case scheduling requirements grow exponentially, courts lacking resources to manage the huge frequency of cases, find it difficult to deliver timely and efficient services. Recording, processing and analyzing files or records manually is so laborious and time consuming compared to computerized system.
- Poor data documentation and security: Large volumes of data are recorded in different paper files, which lead to data redundancy and inaccuracy. There is difficulty in retrieval of information. Also cockroaches and rats can destroy files in cupboard where they are packed.
- AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main aim of this study is to develop and implement an Online Court Case Scheduling System to control and allow complete registration of all court cases which are related to the court. In achieving this aim the following specific objectives will be accomplished through the design:
- To develop a system that will allow information to be entered by users, control information in the system and tracking of current case status to enhance public access.
- To create a database to store, manage and backup case records.
- c) Determine new case arrivals, session appointments, case deadline, reservation of courtroom and the judge who will head the case.
- d) Provide facilities that will ensure easy updating and maintenance of the system.
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This system when completed and implemented will help in tracking the problems experienced by the Imo State High Court and similar organizations in providing an effective means of scheduling cases for public hearing. It will enable client or individuals to get access to a case details anywhere and anytime by going online to visit the webpage, which shows the details of a case such as the sitting date, the suit number, the name of the judge who will handle the case, the courtroom which the case will be held, the names of both plaintiff and defendant, etc.
This project will illustrate how open source tools can be used for the development of web-based applications thereby making the academia aware of the benefits of using cheaper tools. This project in future will allow other students to review the application and to think of new ways in which some components of the application will be improved or think of ways of adding new components to meet more needs.
Besides it will serve as a reference material for subsequent researchers in the same field or related topics.
- SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This project will be centered on the basic processes in case scheduling and its computerization which are essential task been carried out in a law court.It is a side topic that involves many corporation and protocol. The Imo State High Court Owerri, was chosen so as to avoid ambiguity and to ensure that success is achieved at the shortest possible time. This project will certainly outline the method of a computerized system of case scheduling which the law court could use and as such ensure timeliness of information as well as security of information.
- LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
During the development of this project work, different challenges were encountered. These include;
- a) Time Frame: Limited time to carry out the research work, as the research was combined with other academic activities.
- b) Insufficient power supply: the nature of power supply is discouraging, after a complete research, there is no enough power supply to compile the project work electronically and this lead to the delay of this work.
- c) Lack of reference materials: The school library and the nearby public libraries lacked the necessary reference materials needed for the work.
- DEFINITION OF TERMS
For easier understanding of unfamiliar words used in the research work, their meanings are as follows;
ADJOURN: To temporarily stop the case or postpone a case in the law court.
ADJUDICATE: This means to officially decide who is right in an argument between two groups or organization in a court of law.
CLIENT: An end- user microcomputer work- station which has a little or no substantial memory for data processing and storage, hence accesses the more powerful system known as the server.
COMPUTER: This is an electronic device that is capable of solving problems by acting data performing prescribed operations on the data accepted and supplies the result of the operation.
COURT: The hall, chamber, or place, where justice is administered.
CRIME: This includes all illegal activities in general deal with by legal decision.
CULPRIT: the persons who is guilty of a crime or responsible for demand, or a problem
DATA: A collection of facts, figures, clients, images, etc stored in an order that is fit to be processed.
DEFENDANT: the person who a case is issued against
HARDWARE: These include all the physical components of a computer system.
HOMEPAGES: The first page of a website that is retrieved when the address of a website is entered on the web.
HTML: It mean “Hypertext markup languages” it is not a programming language but it is a formatting language used to create web pages.
JUDGE: This is the officers in control of court of law who decides how criminal offenders should be punished.
LAW: The body of rules and standards issued by a government, or to be applied by courts and similar authorities.
MODERN: An acronym for modular- demodulator. It is a device that connects digital signals into analogue signals (modulation) and also convents analogue signals to digital signals (demodulation) for communication between computers.
PLAINTIFF: this is the person summoning another on a case in a law corrupt.
PROSECUTE: to officially charge somebody with a crime in a court of law.
PROTOCOL: A set of rules that governs communication between computers.
SOFTWARE: Are suit of program that makes the computer operate and assist the user to do work.
UPDATE: This is the process of modifying a master file with current information according to a specified procedure.
WEBPAGES: The page you are seeing when on the internet.
WEBSITE: A collection of web pages.
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full Project – Design and implementation of an online court of law case scheduling system