COMPLETE PROJECT-DETERMINANTS OF MORTALITY RATE AMONG UNDER FIVE CHILDREN

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Nigeria in particular as well as Africa as a whole are plagued by high infant mortality, excessive fertility, and short lifespans. When compared to affluent nations, childbirth in Nigeria should have been a relatively safe procedure. Some regions of the nation have a mortality rate of up to 25 percent for children under the age of five, which is far higher than the wealthy countries Yakubu (2003).

On the other hand, the vast majority of Nigerian fatalities and significant illnesses/morbidity may be avoided or managed with simple home remedies. In addition, hunger may exacerbate the consequences of parasite infections caused by poor sanitation and hygiene. Many mild illnesses may become life-threatening if they are not given prompt and sufficient medical attention. A more logical use of existing resources, a clean environment, and treatments may significantly lower the current incidence of illness and death.

High morbidity rates in rural regions may be attributed to a number of factors, including poverty, underdevelopment, inadequate hygienic practices, malnutrition, contaminated water, and early marriage, as shown by Benue State (2004). Similarly, the Nasarawa State Diseases Surveillance Report (2005) reveals that the most common causes of morbidity and death in the state are diseases affecting children.

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