Project Topic- IMPACT OF WOMEN PARTICIPATION IN GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIA

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1       BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In Nigeria, about 51 percent of women are involved in voting during elections. Despite these, women are still under represented in both elective and appointive positions. Available statistics revealed that overall political representation in government of Nigeria is less than 7 percent (Agbalajobi, 2010). This shows that Nigeria has not attained 30 percent affirmative as prescribed by the Beijing Platform of Action. Under international standards, both men and women should have equal rights and opportunities to everything worldwide, most especially to participate fully in all aspects and at all levels of political processes.

Globally, women constitute over half of the world’s population and contribute in vital ways to societal development generally. In most societies, women assume some key roles, which are: mother, producer, home-manager, and community organizer, sociocultural and political activists. Of these many roles mentioned, the last has been engendered by women movement. In line with global trend, Nigerian women constitute nearly half of the population of the country.

There are few women in political and leadership spaces in Nigeria. Currently only seven out of 109 senators and 22 of the 360 House of Representatives members are women. All through the ages and several millennia – from the Stone Age to modern contemporary times, the struggle for dominance and superiority of the two known sexes has never abated. Deploying ideologies, culture and metaphysical practices has never been more victorious in gender struggle. Ever since, especially, since the emergence of modern democracy, and in spite of valiant and feeble attempts by gender sensitive men and women to redress this chauvinistic culture, the struggle by women to negotiate their voice into the mainstream of participation – economic, social, vocational and political, has been a permanent feature in human development.

It has been proven beyond reasonable doubt that the woman has been down trodden and cannot he heard. African derogatory ideologies on women are inhuman and unjust. Women are perceived to be properties and thus have been thoroughly enmeshed in the people’s mind (Anumudu, 2006). In Nigeria, the issue of marginalization of women within the economy and gender disparities in the provision of education, employment and general recognition in other spheres of life still generates a healthy debate. The woman has been the most exploited, the, most underprivileged, the worst abused and the most relegated segment of the society (Idowu, 1987:7). Although women comprise a majority of the population`, they nonetheless are often treated like a minority

1.2       STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Women and democratic governance especially in Enugu state involves a long-term of political education, liberation movements and empowerment programmes for proper integration into Nigerian politics, so as to increase their representation and political opportunities in the future. We must admit that women constitute an oppressed, exploited and under-privileged in the third-world countries of which Nigeria is one. The political challenges of women in Nigeria and particularly in Enugu State is not in gaining political posts at different level of government, it is rather in gaining equal representation with men in the political arena (Ogunba, 2002:405).

Caldwell (2006) argues that “striking changes in women’s lives over the last 50 years have brought shifts in work roles, family lives, political and educational access and social awareness. What is now more obvious than ever is what has not changed or rather what has barely began to change – namely, women’s under-representation in positions of power and leadership”.

1.3       OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

With the root of the problem established as poor/under-representation of women in democratic governance in Nigeria, with particular reference to Enugu State, this work is an attempt to evaluate and suggest ways of overcoming this problem. This is the broad objective of the study. But for ease of accomplishment, the specific objectives are to:

1. Make an assessment of the roles played by women in the development of Nigeria since pre-colonial times.
2. Evaluate the reason for the under-representation of women in democratic governance in Enugu State.
3. Explore ways of ensuring full participation of women in democratic governance in Enugu State.

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Project Topic- IMPACT OF WOMEN PARTICIPATION IN GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIA

SEO Description: Project Topic- IMPACT OF WOMEN PARTICIPATION IN GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIA Click here to Get this Complete Project Chapter 1-5 CHAPTER ONE   INTRODUCTION &nb