DETERMINANTS OF EXERCISE AND BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES AMONG STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS (Chapter 1-5)

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 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Over the past several years, factors relating to the overall health and wellness of university students have caused universities to adapt their recreational services to the student population. These services include student recreation centers and/or fitness centers, exercise classes, intramural programs,  health and wellness programming to enhance opportunities for physical fitness and an overall improvement in health status of university students.

In response to the rise in obesity rates, society is looking toward fitness and recreation centers as a contributing factor in trying to combat this nationwide problem, which is affecting millions of young adults (Watson, Ayers, Zizzi, &Naoi, 2006). The construction of student fitness and recreation centers on university campuses has become a massive business over the last several years (Miller, Noland, Rayens, & Staten, 2008).Although society has recognized the need for recreational facilities in improving overall quality of life in the student body, it is reported that university age students are not getting an adequate amount of physical activity.

Kilpatrick, Hebert, & Bartholomew (2005) stated that the level of physical activity declines from high school to university and activity patterns in college populations are generally insufficient to improve health and fitness. Specifically, only 38% of college students participate in regular vigorous activity. Only 20% participate in regular moderate activity. Estimates suggest that up to 50% of university students do not use their student recreation centers (SRC) (NIRSA, 2002).

More seriously, it is also reported that almost half of university students report a decrease in physical activity after graduation. Many students are already sedentary upon entering university and physical activity levels further decline during the university years (Caspersen, Pereira, & Curran, 2000). Sedentary behavior is related to increased risk of death as a result of the development of chronic disease as well as depression and anxiety-related problems (Camacho, Roberts, Lazarus, Kaplan & Cohen, 1991).

For university students in particular, physical activity protects against unhealthy weight gain, a means to manage the effects of the stresses of college life, and early prevention against future chronic disease (Miller et al., 2008, p.87). Bryant, Banta & Bradley (1995) suggest that the primary reasons for students leaving schools (lack of fit, inadequate social opportunities, and poor grades) may all be reduced through the use of a SRC.

To improve the effectiveness of these on-campus fitness and recreation centers, administrators, directors, and managers need to be aware of factors related to fitness and recreation center usage within the university setting. For this reason, it is important for fitness and recreation center managers and directors at colleges and universities to implement a campus facility with adequate health and wellness programs to ensure effective recruitment and retention of their students as well as overall health and wellness.

To conclude, students are all different they have different needs and different backgrounds, therefore, it is very important for universities fitness Centers business to know and service the students correctly.  This will serve as an outlet for students to create healthy behaviors during university, so they may continue them into their personal and professional lives after graduating.

 Statement of the Problem

The researcher noticed in the University of Lagos that most students do not engage in physical activities which makes them unfit and exposes them to undue fatigue before the end each lecture day. This research would therefore help to examine the factors responsible for exercise aversion among students of the University of Lagos.

 Purpose of the Study

The purpose of this research is to investigate the factors related to non-usage of fitness and recreation centers at the University of Lagos. It will also attempt to determine whether exercise aversion among students of the University will decrease their academic performance.

 Significance of the Study

This study may be of great importance to students of the University of Lagos, and the society as a whole as it will provide knowledgeable information as regards how exercise adherence can promote wellness and improve academic performance.

 Research Questions

1. Will exercise behaviour be greater in female students than in male students of the University of Lagos?
2. Will exercise adherence be strenuous, time consuming and stressful for students time frame?
3. Will exercising at students’ leisure promote a healthy lifestyle?
4. Will exercise behaviour enhance academic performance of the students of the University of Lagos?

 Research hypotheses

The hypotheses that will be tested are:

1. Exercise behaviour in female students will not be greater than male students of the University of Lagos.
2. Exercise adherence will not be strenuous, time consuming and stressful for students time frame.
3. Exercising at students’ leisure will not promote a healthy lifestyle.
4. Exercise aversion will not enhance academic performance of the University of Lagos.

 Limitation of the Study

The limitation of the study may include students’ responses to questionnaire that has to do with their lifestyle, which may be considered as personal and may not be disclosed to the researcher.

 Delimitation of the Study

This study shall be delimited to the following faculties in the University of Lagos:

1. Faculty of Education.
2. Faculty of Environmental sciences.
3. Faculty of Social sciences.
4. Faculty of Arts.

Operational definition of terms

Student Recreation and/or Fitness Center (SRC): a facility where physical activity for leisure purposes is performed.

Incentive: any factor that enables or motivates a participant to engage in physical activity.

Barrier: any object, structure, or factor that can prevent a participant from engaging in physical activity.

Recruitment: the process of attracting, screening, and selecting qualified students for admission into a college or university.

Retention: regarding students at a university, the ability to keep students within an organization.

Usage:the utilization of a fitness or recreational facility.

Project Overview

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